In a research study that only includes self-identified women, what does "female" represent?

In a research study that solely includes self-identified women, "female" denotes the criteria used to determine who can participate in the study, which is referred to as inclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria are specific characteristics that participants must possess to be eligible for inclusion in the study. By defining the participant group as self-identified women, the researchers establish parameters for who qualifies for their sample, guiding the selection process and ensuring that the findings are relevant to the defined population.

Understanding inclusion criteria is essential in research as it helps delineate the target demographic and ensures that the study's conclusions are applicable to that specific group. This approach reinforces the research's focus and allows for more meaningful interpretations of the data gathered from participants who fit within this criterion.